A cold sore is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. Oral herpes (cold sores) produces lesions around the mouth and on the face. It is caused by HSV-1.

Genital herpes, on the other hand, affects the genital and anal areas. The cause of genital herpes is HSV-2. Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease.

Oral herpes is present in a large part of the population. About 90% of people have contracted the virus by the age of 50. The virus spreads easily. Most people catch the virus as children from adults who kiss them. It can be passed from mothers to babies during birth.

Some people who have contracted the virus show no signs of disease. In others, a lesion develops at the site where the virus entered the body. This lesion takes the form of a blister. It can become itchy and painful. It heals on its own. In newborns and people with a weakened immune system, however, it can be very severe.

Many people experience the disease again several times a year. The virus becomes active at times when the immune system is weakened (cold, excessive heat, stress, infections, etc.). Over time the frequency decreases. The body’s ability to cope with the virus can be strengthened with medicines.

Antiviral tablets and ointments (aciclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir) can be used in treatment. Supportive treatment (stress management, immune-strengthening medicines and nutrition) can be tried.