Keratosis pilaris is the name given to a red-speckled, bumpy appearance that usually occurs on the arms and, less commonly, on the face, legs, buttocks and back. In this condition, known as "goose skin" or "chicken skin" disease, the skin has a bumpy, rough appearance like chicken skin, which is why it is called chicken skin disease. It is a common condition.

The condition is caused by dead cells accumulating in the hair follicles and blocking the follicle opening. Apart from its unattractive appearance and occasional itching in some patients, no harm from the condition has been observed. The condition is genetic and is passed from parents to children, although it may not be. It appears as red and brown bumpy spots at the hair follicles. It becomes more noticeable during adolescence and in people who are overweight. It can also improve or worsen depending on humidity: the condition lessens in humid weather and may worsen during the winter months.

What does the condition look like?
It appears as numerous small, rough, skin-coloured, red or brownish bumps located where the hairs emerge from the skin. Although they can occasionally be itchy, they are usually a cosmetic concern.

Which areas of the body are most often affected?
It appears as tiny bumps especially on the outer surfaces of the upper arms, the buttocks and the cheeks, and less frequently on the forearms and upper back.

At what age and in whom does it occur?
It becomes more noticeable during adolescence. It can also be seen in babies and may persist into adulthood. However, it is not common in the elderly. It is particularly common in people who are overweight, or in white-skinned people with allergic eczema.

Is there a treatment for the condition?
As the condition is hereditary, there is no complete cure. To reduce it, soap-free skin cleansers should be used, because soaps dry out the skin. Creams with a mild peeling (exfoliating) effect work by opening the blocked hair follicles. For example, moisturisers containing urea, salicylic acid or alpha hydroxy acids should be applied twice a day. Patients respond differently to treatments. However, the effect of these treatments is temporary, so treatment should be applied regularly. The skin can be rubbed with a pumice stone in the bath. Creams containing retinoids, which are vitamin A derivatives, can be used. Redness and peeling may occur in the treated area during the first week of treatment. This treatment is not suitable for young children or pregnant women. Pulsed dye laser treatment may also be helpful. Laser hair removal is beneficial in some cases.